1. “Statement of Jose E. Melendez-Perez to the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States,” seventh public hearing of the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States, January 26, 2004.

2. “Statement of Jose E. Melendez-Perez to the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States,” seventh public hearing of the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States, January 26, 2004.

3. Press briefing by White House Counsel Judge Alberto Gonzales, DoD General Counsel William Haynes, DoD Deputy General Counsel Daniel Dell’Orto, and Army Deputy Chief of Staff for Intelligence General Keith Alexander, June 22, 2004.

4. Department of Defense, Office for the Administrative Review of the Detention of Enemy Combatants at U.S. Naval Base Guantánamo Bay, Cuba, “Unclassified Summary of Evidence for Administrative Review Board in the Case of Al Qahtani, Maad,” January 17, 2008.

5. The 9/11 Commission Report: Final Report of the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States (NewYork: W.W. Norton, 2004), p. 248.

6. Department of Defense MC Form 458 (January 2007) for Khalid Sheikh Muhammed, Walid Muhammed Salih Mubarak Bin ‘Attash, Ramzi Binalshibh, Ali Abdul Aziz Ali, Mustafa Ahmed Adam al Hawsawi, and Mohamed Al Kahtani.

7. “Substitution for the Testimony of Mohammad Manea Ahmad Al-Qahtani,” United States v. Moussaoui (Cr. No. 01-455-A).

8. The 9/11 Commission Report: Final Report of the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States (NewYork: W.W. Norton, 2004), pp. 11, 235.

9. Department of Defense news release, “Guantánamo Provides Valuable Intelligence Information,” June 12, 2005.

10. Chris Mackey and Greg Miller, The Interrogators: Task Force 500 and America’s Secret War Against al Qaeda (New York: Back Bay Books, 2005), p. 472.

11. Department of Justice, Office of the Inspector General, “A Review of the FBI’s Involvement in and Observations of Detainee Interrogations in Guantánamo Bay, Afghanistan, and Iraq,” revised October 2009.

12. Hill to Myers, “Counter-Resistance Techniques,” October 25, 2002.

13. Lieutenant Colonel Jerald Phifer to Major General Michael B. Dunlavey, “Request for Approval of Counter-Resistance Strategies,” October 11, 2002.

14. Lieutenant Colonel Jerald Phifer to Major General Michael B. Dunlavey, “Request for Approval of Counter-Resistance Strategies,” October 11, 2002.

15. Lieutenant Colonel Jerald Phifer to Major General Michael B. Dunlavey, “Request for Approval of Counter-Resistance Strategies,” October 11, 2002.

16. Haynes to Rumsfeld, “Counter-Resistance Techniques,” November 27, 2002.

17. Haynes to Rumsfeld, “Counter-Resistance Techniques,” November 27, 2002.

18. Haynes to Rumsfeld, “Counter-Resistance Techniques,” November 27, 2002.

19. Philippe Sands, Torture Team: Rumsfeld’s Memo and the Betrayal of American Values (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008).

20. Press briefing by White House Counsel Judge Alberto Gonzales, DoD General Counsel William Haynes, DoD Deputy General Counsel Daniel Dell’Orto, and Army Deputy Chief of Staff for Intelligence General Keith Alexander, June 22, 2004.

21. Press briefing by White House Counsel Judge Alberto Gonzales, DoD General Counsel William Haynes, DoD Deputy General Counsel Daniel Dell’Orto, and Army Deputy Chief of Staff for Intelligence General Keith Alexander, June 22, 2004.

22. “Final Report of the Independent Panel to Review DoD Detention Operations” (Schlesinger Panel), August 24, 2004, p. 8.

23. "Army Regulation 15-6: Final Report, Investigation into FBI Allegations of Detainee Abuse at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba Detention Facility" (Schmidt-Furlow Report), amended June 9, 2005, p. 20.

24. Marc A. Thiessen, Courting Disaster: How the CIA Kept America Safe and How Barack Obama Is Inviting the Next Attack (Washington, D.C.: Regnery, 2010), pp. 284-85; “Review of Department of Defense Detention Operations and Detainee Interrogation Techniques” (Church Report), March 7, 2005.

25. “Review of Department of Defense Detention Operations and Detainee Interrogation Techniques” (Church Report), March 7, 2005.

26. “Review of Department of Defense Detention Operations and Detainee Interrogation Techniques” (Church Report), March 7, 2005.

27. Geren to Rumsfeld, “Allegations in Admiral Church Hearing—SNOWFLAKE,” April 20, 2005.

28. “Working Group Report on Detainee Interrogations in the Global War on Terrorism: Assessment of Legal, Historical, Policy, and Operational Considerations,” April 4, 2003.

29. “Inside the Interrogation of Detainee 063,” Time, June 12, 2005.

30. Rumsfeld to Myers, “Status of Taliban and Al Qaida,” January 19, 2002.

31. Marc A. Thiessen, Courting Disaster: How the CIA Kept America Safe and How Barack Obama Is Inviting the Next Attack (Washington, D.C.: Regnery, 2010), p. 23.

32. Senate Select Committee on Intelligence, “OLC Opinions on the CIA Detention and Interrogation Program,” April 22, 2009; Joby Warrick and Dan Eggen, “Hill Briefed on Waterboarding in 2002,” Washington Post, December 9, 2007.

33. Hearing of the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence, “Current and Projected National Security Threats,” testimony of Michael Hayden, February 5, 2008.

34. Dana Priest, “CIA Holds Terror Suspects in Secret Prisons,” Washington Post, November 2, 2005.

35. Michael Hayden and Michael B. Mukasey, “The President Ties His Own Hands on Terror,” Wall Street Journal, April 17, 2009; Central Intelligence Agency Inspector General, “Counterterrorism Detention and Interrogation Activities, September 2001–October 2003,” May 7, 2004, pp. 85, 88; Central Intelligence Agency, “Detainee Reporting Pivotal for the War Against Al-Qa’ida,” June 3, 2005, appendix; Peter Finn, Joby Warrick, and Julie Tate, “How a Detainee Became an Asset,” Washington Post, August 29, 2009; Central Intelligence Agency, “Khalid Shaykh Muhammed: Preeminent Source on Al-Qa’ida,” July 13, 2004, p. 1.